Content
1. Choose a property as an investment.
2. Why choose wood and how it works?.
3. Factors that influence wood resistance.
1. Choose a property as an investment.
Property is an attractive business but material made of wood |
Key points in choosing an investment property:
Have a defined budget right from the start and stick to it. He must have a hard heart and not let the perceived character of a property influence your choice, so that the renovation of the property saves time. Move out!
Always have a contingent fund of about 15% ready to allow for unexpected problems or a delay in selling the property.
Decide what kind of person will sell the property before choosing the property. A professional couple would rather have a modern home (modern kitchen, bathroom, parquet, etc.) near the workplace, downtown, and shopping. A family is looking for a more neutral decoration scheme (with which they can put their own stamp), with good transport links, parking lots and close to a good school.
Check what kind of people live in the area: what is the average income? What is the average job type? All these factors together make up your target market.
Find out what properties in your area are being sold how many times and use this information to determine the number of renovations you are making on the property. Each area has an unofficial limit on how much a property is sold. No matter what you do or add to a property, it is unlikely that you can sell the property beyond that limit. Check how long the property is on the market: If it's been on the market for more than a few months, it's unlikely to bring benefits.
Examine the neighborhood: The nature of the neighborhood is an important factor in the success or failure of a development project. You will find a property that needs little color, new carpets and the installation of a new kitchen and bathroom. However, if the property is in a degraded area with a high crime rate, it is unlikely to be sold, no matter what. You do it - go away.
Check the condition of the property: visit the accommodation several times with dealers such as plumbers, electricians, carpenters, humidity control companies, many of whom will provide free estimates that will provide a valuable indication of the quality of the property type of problems and renovations. It can cost you a lot. Although this is an important first step, it is not possible for a surveyor to conduct a survey of the property after selecting the property.
For example, if you're looking for a two-bedroom home to convert it into a three-bedroom home by building a two-story extension, check out the other properties on the road , or not This may be because it is difficult to obtain planning permission for such extension of the municipal council. The title may also contain restrictions or "pacts" that prevent the property from being expanded. It is important to get advice from a transport company experienced in this field.
Property consisting of small houses |
If the renovation involves expanding or remodeling a building, it is very likely that planning approval is required. Make sure that the purchase of the property depends on the agreement of the planning. If you make the purchase without the consent of planning as a condition of the contract, you may need to have a good that you can not do anything about.
Check if the property is a protected building or a nature reserve: If the property is in a protected area or if it is a protected building, there are limitations to what you can do with the property. Property. Nature reserves are designed to preserve the character of the area, and you must obtain planning permission before dealing with the property's exterior. If you plan to install replacement PVC windows, it may be rejected, and you may need to install customized, much more expensive sliding windows.
In the case of a listed building, any modification or repair of the property requires the approval of these buildings and generally requires the use of materials that conform to the original construction. It is possible that these materials may require a large supply or that you need to make them special. The cost of this can easily cancel the project.
Check if the property is owned or leased: If it is leased, you must obtain owner's consent when changing ownership. The owner can not give his consent or ask for a fee.
Make the minimum you need to do to sell the property profitably: keep an eye on the balloon! Remember that this will not be your home. The goal of the project is to sell the property with minimal time savings. If you spend money on unnecessary improvements (eg hot tubs, modern incandescent bulbs) or if you spend too much time on the renovation, you use your profits and you have less money to invest in your next project.
Name a Project Manager: It may be you, or it may be wiser to appoint an experienced contractor or real estate developer. The project manager will supervise the project, negotiate with builders, electricians, installers, etc. and ensure that the work is carried out with the desired quality and schedule.
Trust professionals for expert work: an experienced builder, plumber, carpenter, etc. You'll do the work in a fraction of the time and follow the building codes. Remember the saying, "Time is money"!
When selecting a constructor, always look for references and consider choosing a builder member manufacturer.
Do the basic work yourself: avoid paying for plumbers, construction workers, etc. (from £ 20.00 + hour) to sweep or demolish the wallpaper, do it yourself and let the professionals focus on the work they have been trained to do as quickly as possible.
Write a formal contract with builders and other professionals: It is important that the parties involved in the project know from the outset what is expected of them. Without a formal contract, it is unlikely that you will receive a high payout if something goes wrong. Be very careful with the builder, who is reluctant to sign a formal contract.
Finally, it should always be kept in mind that the longer the property is, the more costs are incurred, among other things, for mortgage payments and interest. The more you spend on the property, the lower the profit from the project, as the sale is always limited.
2. Why choose wood and how it works?.
Wooden houses provide a natural feel |
The optional wood offers a sophisticated and personal look. Each section is as exclusive as fingerprints. Each variety has a different feeling and a clear personality. From an aesthetic point of view, nothing matches the elegance and attractiveness of wood. Synthetic materials mimic wood, but you can only try it. How do you capture quality, intensity and beauty?
Untreated and untreated natural or organic wood has enormous ecological advantages over existing building materials. Wood is 100% biodegradable, acts as an excellent insulator, is easier to process and uses less energy than steel, aluminum, concrete or plastic.
There are many high quality and efficient construction techniques today. Conventionally, the use of wooden frames is not the most efficient method of making houses. While it is undeniable that this has certain advantages. The construction of wooden houses is also economical and profitable. In addition, experienced contractors are not difficult to find when building framed walls.
Wooden houses can also be made as neat and beautiful |
The use of wood is not the only thing that exists. The most important part is to know how to choose the material carefully to protect it from termites and decomposition. Outdoor patios or those used for horticulture are for the most part not protected. They are hosted by termites and therefore worsen. There are of course resistant wood species. These species include cedar, Cyprus and redwood. The problems of pest infestation are due to a wood with ground contact. Composite treated wood is recommended when building decks or canopies made of wood or other elements that may come into contact with the ground. There are pressure treated beads which are very resistant to termites, other insects and decomposition. They are treated with a series of pressure cycles that forces the wood preservative into the deepest pores of the wood, forming a chemical barrier against insects and decomposition.
There is treated wood whose performance has been judged to be satisfactory. The shelf life depends on location and use. The use of treated wood is determined by the retention of wood or the amount of wood preservative used. The lowest retention property (0.15 plus water repellency) is mainly used for kiosks, fences, handrails, gratings and bridges. The retention property of 0.25 is used for moldings and panels, frames, floors and sills. An operating grade of 0.40 is mainly used for fence posts, bridge piers and landscaping. Finally, the retention property of 0.60 is used for permanent wood foundations and construction posts.
3. Factors that influence wood resistance.
One of the disadvantages of wood is easily cracked |
If the grain direction is not parallel to the long axis of a wood component, one speaks of transverse grain (sometimes also short grain). Cross grain can be felled from the spiral grain in the tree or the wood. For linear furniture such as legs and spindles, whose performance depends on longitudinal properties such as flexural strength, the scar can result in a significant loss of strength across the board. For example, a grain gradient of one to five may result in a 50% to 60% reduction in the modulus of rupture.
The branches in the wood are another debilitating defect. The loss of strength results not only from the abnormal direction of the fabric and the grain of the knot itself, but also from the transverse grain of the deformed wood around the knot. Compression wood, reaction wood formed in coniferous trees by twisted or inclined stems generally has higher density and crush resistance than normal wood, but the wood has tensile strength and strength lower resistance. the modulus of rupture and the modulus of elasticity at the bend. In hardwood, the stretched wood has exceptionally low compression along the grain, although it may be more ductile and resilient than normal wood of the same density. It has unusually high longitudinal shrinkage and tangential shrinkage, but slightly larger in the radial direction. The lignin content of the cell wall is inadequate compared to normal wood and there may be gelatinous fibers.
As the wood dries below the saturation point of the fiber, the resistance increases with the loss of bound water. The greatest increases occur in compression along the grain: the resistance roughly doubles as the wood dries up to 12% of the moisture content, and triples when dried in the oven. The modulus of rupture increases much less and the modulus of elasticity increases less during drying.
Easily scratched is also often a problem that damages the beauty of wood |
The durability of the wood also depends on the load duration. The time-dependent flow ability of wood reduces the strength of long-term loads. For example, a bar can withstand a short-term load (5 minutes) that is three times greater than a long-term load (one hundred years or more).
The destructive effects of wood-borne insects, such as termites, carpenter ants and beetles, require little processing because the physical loss of wood results in a loss of proportional resistance. Mushrooms are one of the main causes of wood degradation. There are four main requirements for the development of fungal hyphae in wood: a favorable temperature (ideal, 70-85 ° F), oxygen (20% or more of the air volume in the wood), moisture (saturation point of the wood).
Fiber or above is ideal) and food. Wood discoloring mushrooms use waste stored in sapwood parenchyma cells but do not attack the cell walls. Although discoloration of fungi discolors the wood, it does not diminish its durability. However, wood-destroying fungi use enzymes to break down and assimilate the cell wall substance, causing various forms of decay or decay. The early stages of fungal invasion, termed imminent decomposition, may initially have a negligible effect on resistance. Shock resistance is the first affected resistance property. If allowed to continue, it can lead to a total loss of strength. It should be noted that Chlorociboria produces a green spot on the wood and results in a loss of strength. Humidity control is the main goal to prevent decomposition. If the wood stays below 20% of the moisture content, the decomposing fungi can not grow.
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